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Solanum procumbens is a plant that grows wild in many mountainous areas in Vietnam, also known as Solanum vines, calantrocumbens, calantrophorus, calantrofolium, calantrocumbencus; The scientific name is Solanum procumbens, belonging to the Solanaceae family.

1, Description

Solanum hibiscus is a climbing plant with many small sub-branches, the main stem can be several meters long. The leaves are green, alternate, oblong, ax-shaped or slightly rounded at the base, the underside of the leaf is star-shaped with many soft hairs, and the upper surface of the leaf has thorns at the edge. Solanum vines flower and bear fruit all year round. Normally, except for flowering and fruiting every 2 to 3 months.

The fruit is succulent, shiny, red, spherical, 5 - 7 mm in diameter, white or light purple flowers, yellow pistil. In particular, the stem and leaf edges have many sharp thorns.

Based on the color of the flowers and stems of Solanum procumbens currently in Vietnam, four types can be discovered and listed: 

• White flowers, yellow pistils, green white stems, crawling close to the ground.
• White flowers with yellow pistils, white and green stems, reaching high.
• Purple flowers with yellow stamens and green white stems rise high.
• Purple flowers with yellow stamens and green purple stems rise high.

Among them, Solanum procumbens with white flowers and yellow pistils that crawl on the ground has the highest content of active ingredients among the four species.

2, Chemical composition

Solanum procumbens has active ingredients such as alkaloids, starch, flavonoids, and Glycoalkaloids. Solanum procumbens contains a number of important chemical components such as: Flavonoids, saponins, sterols, amino acids, alkaloids, etc. At the same time, the leaves and roots of Solanum have many medicinal properties that support human health such as: Solamnia A, Solamnia B, glycoalkaloids, choleterol 3beta hydroxy 5 alpha pregnan 16 on, dihydro lanosterol…

 3, Uses

In traditional medicine: All parts of the plant are used to treat diseases including: roots, branches, leaves and fruits, harvested all year round, washed, chopped, dried or dried to make a drink or also. Can be used fresh.

Used to treat rheumatism, toothache, bone pain, cough, treat snake bites, and detoxify alcohol and beer. Currently, solanum has been researched and proven to be effective in treating viral hepatitis, cirrhosis and supporting the treatment of liver cancer.

A research project on the uses of Solanum procumbens published by Associate Professor Dr. Nguyen Thi Minh Khai at the Central Institute of Medicinal Materials proves that the active ingredients in Solanum procumbens can cure the disease of chronic active hepatitis B. High success rate, over 80% of clinical trial patients returned negative for hepatitis B virus.

 In addition, Solanum procumbens also has the effect of quickly reducing clinical symptoms of fatigue, right upper quadrant pain, yellow eyes, yellow urine, jaundice... which are symptoms of viral hepatitis and cirrhosis.

The active ingredients in Solanum procumbens, especially glycoalkaloids, have the effect of slowing the progression of fibrosis and reducing the severity of cirrhosis. The group of authors at the Central Institute of Medicinal Materials published the works "Research on the effect of inhibiting the fibrosis process of Solanum procumbens on an experimental liver cirrhosis model" and "Research on the effect on collagenase of Solanum procumbens." "proves that Solanum procumbens is a medicinal herb that has a clear effect in preventing cirrhosis.

Whole extract from Solanum procumbens has antioxidant effects. It is also anti-inflammatory and reduces oxidative damage to the liver. The research of the team led by Dr. Nguyen Thi Bich Thu, chair of Solanum procumbens, announced that the total extract from Solanum procumbens and Glycoalcaloid both have clear antioxidant effects.

Solanum procumbens extract has also been proven to help stimulate liver cell regeneration, is a strong anti-inflammatory, and lowers liver enzymes very well. In particular, it inhibits some virus-induced cancer cell lines such as liver cancer cells (Hep 3B, PLC/PRF).

From the above research results, it can be seen that Solanum procumbens is one of the medicinal herbs that has been extensively and methodically researched with the effects of supporting the treatment of hepatitis, preventing cirrhosis from progressing, and lowering liver enzymes, detoxifies and protects the liver very effectively.

Oriental medicine in traditional medicine in Vietnam believes that Solanum procumbens has a slightly astringent taste, warm properties, is slightly toxic, and has the effect of dispelling wind, back pain, bone pain, eliminating toxins, eliminating phlegm, eliminating coughs, and reducing pain. pain, stop bleeding, treat snake bites, hepatitis, cirrhosis. Some remedies from Solanum procumbens are as follows:

• Cure hepatitis, cirrhosis, support against cancer-causing cells: Solanum procumbens (stem, roots, leaves) 30g, periwinkle 10g, Phyllanthus urinaria 10g. All golden stars, drink one dose daily.
• Cure rheumatism, back pain, aches and pains: 10g Solanum gai climbing, 10g brocade vine, 10g earthworm, 10g blood millet, 10g lolot leaves. Yellow star, excellent drink 1 month a day. Continuously
• Cure whooping cough and asthma: Solanum procumbens 10g, Thien Mon Dong 10g, Mon Mon 10g. Drink during the day.
• Treating flu, allergies, whooping cough, back pain, bone pain, rheumatism, snake bites: Dosage: 16 - 20g of Solanum roots or leaf stems decocted to drink during the day.
• Hangover cure: 100g dried Solanum procumbens boiled with 400ml water to 150ml, drink during the day. Or 50g of dried Solanum procumbens, boiled in boiling water, drink during the day.
• Cough treatment: 15g Solanum procumbens, 30g lemon leaves, decoct and drink twice a day. Drink while the medicine is still warm. Use within 5 - 7 days.
• Supports the treatment of liver diseases (hepatitis B, cirrhosis...): 35g Solanum procumbens, boiled with 1 liter of water, remaining 300ml divided to drink 3 times a day, helps lower liver enzymes and detoxify the liver.

Currently, in-depth research by Vietnamese scientists published at the Central Institute of Medicinal Materials in the years 1980 to 2000 has made Solanum procumbens become one of the herbs with clear uses in treating cancer. Treat liver-related symptoms.

With the support of high-tech equipment, in the past 20 years, the precious active ingredients in Solanum procumbens have been extracted using modern equipment, purified and prepared into easy-to-use products. and has a more effective effect than when drinking in the traditional way.